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proc_usb_info.txt
上传用户:jlfgdled
上传日期:2013-04-10
资源大小:33168k
文件大小:15k
源码类别:
Linux/Unix编程
开发平台:
Unix_Linux
- /proc/bus/usb filesystem output
- ===============================
- (version 2002.03.18)
- The /proc filesystem for USB devices provides /proc/bus/usb/drivers
- and /proc/bus/usb/devices, as well as /proc/bus/usb/BBB/DDD files.
- **NOTE**: If /proc/bus/usb appears empty, and a host controller
- driver has been linked, then you need to mount the
- filesystem. Issue the command (as root):
- mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb
- An alternative and more permanent method would be to add
- none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0
- to /etc/fstab. This will mount usbfs at each reboot.
- You can then issue `cat /proc/bus/usb/devices` to extract
- USB device information, and user mode drivers can use usbfs
- to interact with USB devices.
- There are a number of mount options supported by usbfs.
- Consult the source code (linux/drivers/usb/inode.c) for
- information about those options.
- **NOTE**: The filesystem has been renamed from "usbdevfs" to
- "usbfs", to reduce confusion with "devfs". You may
- still see references to the older "usbdevfs" name.
- For more information on mounting the usbfs file system, see the
- "USB Device Filesystem" section of the USB Guide. The latest copy
- of the USB Guide can be found at http://www.linux-usb.org/
- THE /proc/bus/usb/BBB/DDD FILES:
- --------------------------------
- Each connected USB device has one file. The BBB indicates the bus
- number. The DDD indicates the device address on that bus. Both
- of these numbers are assigned sequentially, and can be reused, so
- you can't rely on them for stable access to devices. For example,
- it's relatively common for devices to re-enumerate while they are
- still connected (perhaps someone jostled their power supply, hub,
- or USB cable), so a device might be 002/027 when you first connect
- it and 002/048 sometime later.
- These files can be read as binary data. The binary data consists
- of first the device descriptor, then the descriptors for each
- configuration of the device. That information is also shown in
- text form by the /proc/bus/usb/devices file, described later.
- These files may also be used to write user-level drivers for the USB
- devices. You would open the /proc/bus/usb/BBB/DDD file read/write,
- read its descriptors to make sure it's the device you expect, and then
- bind to an interface (or perhaps several) using an ioctl call. You
- would issue more ioctls to the device to communicate to it using
- control, bulk, or other kinds of USB transfers. The IOCTLs are
- listed in the <linux/usbdevice_fs.h> file, and at this writing the
- source code (linux/drivers/usb/devio.c) is the primary reference
- for how to access devices through those files.
- Note that since by default these BBB/DDD files are writable only by
- root, only root can write such user mode drivers. You can selectively
- grant read/write permissions to other users by using "chmod". Also,
- usbfs mount options such as "devmode=0666" may be helpful.
- THE /proc/bus/usb/drivers FILE:
- -------------------------------
- Each of the USB device drivers linked into your kernel (statically,
- or dynamically using "modprobe") is listed in the "drivers" file.
- Here's an example from one system:
- usbdevfs
- hub
- 0- 15: usblp
- usbnet
- serial
- usb-storage
- pegasus
- If you see this file, "usbdevfs" and "hub" will always be listed,
- since those are part of the "usbcore" framework.
- Drivers that use the USB major number (180) to provide character devices
- will include a range of minor numbers, as shown above for the "usblp"
- (actually "printer.o") module. USB device drivers can of course use any
- major number, but it's easy to use the USB range since there's explicit
- support for subdividing it in the USB device driver framework.
- THE /proc/bus/usb/devices FILE:
- -------------------------------
- In /proc/bus/usb/devices, each device's output has multiple
- lines of ASCII output.
- I made it ASCII instead of binary on purpose, so that someone
- can obtain some useful data from it without the use of an
- auxiliary program. However, with an auxiliary program, the numbers
- in the first 4 columns of each "T:" line (topology info:
- Lev, Prnt, Port, Cnt) can be used to build a USB topology diagram.
- Each line is tagged with a one-character ID for that line:
- T = Topology (etc.)
- B = Bandwidth (applies only to USB host controllers, which are
- virtualized as root hubs)
- D = Device descriptor info.
- P = Product ID info. (from Device descriptor, but they won't fit
- together on one line)
- S = String descriptors.
- C = Configuration descriptor info. (* = active configuration)
- I = Interface descriptor info.
- E = Endpoint descriptor info.
- =======================================================================
- /proc/bus/usb/devices output format:
- Legend:
- d = decimal number (may have leading spaces or 0's)
- x = hexadecimal number (may have leading spaces or 0's)
- s = string
- Topology info:
- T: Bus=dd Lev=dd Prnt=dd Port=dd Cnt=dd Dev#=ddd Spd=ddd MxCh=dd
- | | | | | | | | |__MaxChildren
- | | | | | | | |__Device Speed in Mbps
- | | | | | | |__DeviceNumber
- | | | | | |__Count of devices at this level
- | | | | |__Connector/Port on Parent for this device
- | | | |__Parent DeviceNumber
- | | |__Level in topology for this bus
- | |__Bus number
- |__Topology info tag
- Speed may be:
- 1.5 Mbit/s for low speed USB
- 12 Mbit/s for full speed USB
- 480 Mbit/s for high speed USB (added for USB 2.0)
- Bandwidth info:
- B: Alloc=ddd/ddd us (xx%), #Int=ddd, #Iso=ddd
- | | | |__Number of isochronous requests
- | | |__Number of interrupt requests
- | |__Total Bandwidth allocated to this bus
- |__Bandwidth info tag
- Bandwidth allocation is an approximation of how much of one frame
- (millisecond) is in use. It reflects only periodic transfers, which
- are the only transfers that reserve bandwidth. Control and bulk
- transfers use all other bandwidth, including reserved bandwidth that
- is not used for transfers (such as for short packets).
- The percentage is how much of the "reserved" bandwidth is scheduled by
- those transfers. For a low or full speed bus (loosely, "USB 1.1"),
- 90% of the bus bandwidth is reserved. For a high speed bus (loosely,
- "USB 2.0") 80% is reserved.
- Device descriptor info & Product ID info:
- D: Ver=x.xx Cls=xx(s) Sub=xx Prot=xx MxPS=dd #Cfgs=dd
- P: Vendor=xxxx ProdID=xxxx Rev=xx.xx
- where
- D: Ver=x.xx Cls=xx(sssss) Sub=xx Prot=xx MxPS=dd #Cfgs=dd
- | | | | | | |__NumberConfigurations
- | | | | | |__MaxPacketSize of Default Endpoint
- | | | | |__DeviceProtocol
- | | | |__DeviceSubClass
- | | |__DeviceClass
- | |__Device USB version
- |__Device info tag #1
- where
- P: Vendor=xxxx ProdID=xxxx Rev=xx.xx
- | | | |__Product revision number
- | | |__Product ID code
- | |__Vendor ID code
- |__Device info tag #2
- String descriptor info:
- S: Manufacturer=ssss
- | |__Manufacturer of this device as read from the device.
- | For USB host controller drivers (virtual root hubs) this may
- | be omitted, or (for newer drivers) will identify the kernel
- | version and the driver which provides this hub emulation.
- |__String info tag
- S: Product=ssss
- | |__Product description of this device as read from the device.
- | For older USB host controller drivers (virtual root hubs) this
- | indicates the driver; for newer ones, it's a product (and vendor)
- | description that often comes from the kernel's PCI ID database.
- |__String info tag
- S: SerialNumber=ssss
- | |__Serial Number of this device as read from the device.
- | For USB host controller drivers (virtual root hubs) this is
- | some unique ID, normally a bus ID (address or slot name) that
- | can't be shared with any other device.
- |__String info tag
- Configuration descriptor info:
- C:* #Ifs=dd Cfg#=dd Atr=xx MPwr=dddmA
- | | | | | |__MaxPower in mA
- | | | | |__Attributes
- | | | |__ConfiguratioNumber
- | | |__NumberOfInterfaces
- | |__ "*" indicates the active configuration (others are " ")
- |__Config info tag
- USB devices may have multiple configurations, each of which act
- rather differently. For example, a bus-powered configuration
- might be much less capable than one that is self-powered. Only
- one device configuration can be active at a time; most devices
- have only one configuration.
- Each configuration consists of one or more interfaces. Each
- interface serves a distinct "function", which is typically bound
- to a different USB device driver. One common example is a USB
- speaker with an audio interface for playback, and a HID interface
- for use with software volume control.
- Interface descriptor info (can be multiple per Config):
- I: If#=dd Alt=dd #EPs=dd Cls=xx(sssss) Sub=xx Prot=xx Driver=ssss
- | | | | | | | |__Driver name
- | | | | | | | or "(none)"
- | | | | | | |__InterfaceProtocol
- | | | | | |__InterfaceSubClass
- | | | | |__InterfaceClass
- | | | |__NumberOfEndpoints
- | | |__AlternateSettingNumber
- | |__InterfaceNumber
- |__Interface info tag
- A given interface may have one or more "alternate" settings.
- For example, default settings may not use more than a small
- amount of periodic bandwidth. To use significant fractions
- of bus bandwidth, drivers must select a non-default altsetting.
- Only one setting for an interface may be active at a time, and
- only one driver may bind to an interface at a time. Most devices
- have only one alternate setting per interface.
- Endpoint descriptor info (can be multiple per Interface):
- E: Ad=xx(s) Atr=xx(ssss) MxPS=dddd Ivl=dddms
- | | | | |__Interval (max) between transfers
- | | | |__EndpointMaxPacketSize
- | | |__Attributes(EndpointType)
- | |__EndpointAddress(I=In,O=Out)
- |__Endpoint info tag
- The interval is nonzero for all periodic (interrupt or isochronous)
- endpoints. For high speed endpoints the transfer interval may be
- measured in microseconds rather than milliseconds.
- For high speed periodic endpoints, the "MaxPacketSize" reflects
- the per-microframe data transfer size. For "high bandwidth"
- endpoints, that can reflect two or three packets (for up to
- 3KBytes every 125 usec) per endpoint.
- With the Linux-USB stack, periodic bandwidth reservations use the
- transfer intervals and sizes provided by URBs, which can be less
- than those found in endpoint descriptor.
- =======================================================================
- If a user or script is interested only in Topology info, for
- example, use something like "grep ^T: /proc/bus/usb/devices"
- for only the Topology lines. A command like
- "grep -i ^[tdp]: /proc/bus/usb/devices" can be used to list
- only the lines that begin with the characters in square brackets,
- where the valid characters are TDPCIE. With a slightly more able
- script, it can display any selected lines (for example, only T, D,
- and P lines) and change their output format. (The "procusb"
- Perl script is the beginning of this idea. It will list only
- selected lines [selected from TBDPSCIE] or "All" lines from
- /proc/bus/usb/devices.)
- The Topology lines can be used to generate a graphic/pictorial
- of the USB devices on a system's root hub. (See more below
- on how to do this.)
- The Interface lines can be used to determine what driver is
- being used for each device.
- The Configuration lines could be used to list maximum power
- (in milliamps) that a system's USB devices are using.
- For example, "grep ^C: /proc/bus/usb/devices".
- Here's an example, from a system which has a UHCI root hub,
- an external hub connected to the root hub, and a mouse and
- a serial converter connected to the external hub.
- T: Bus=00 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=12 MxCh= 2
- B: Alloc= 28/900 us ( 3%), #Int= 2, #Iso= 0
- D: Ver= 1.00 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1
- P: Vendor=0000 ProdID=0000 Rev= 0.00
- S: Product=USB UHCI Root Hub
- S: SerialNumber=dce0
- C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=40 MxPwr= 0mA
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub
- E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl=255ms
- T: Bus=00 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 2 Spd=12 MxCh= 4
- D: Ver= 1.00 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1
- P: Vendor=0451 ProdID=1446 Rev= 1.00
- C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr=100mA
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub
- E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 1 Ivl=255ms
- T: Bus=00 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 3 Spd=1.5 MxCh= 0
- D: Ver= 1.00 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1
- P: Vendor=04b4 ProdID=0001 Rev= 0.00
- C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=80 MxPwr=100mA
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=02 Driver=mouse
- E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 3 Ivl= 10ms
- T: Bus=00 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=02 Cnt=02 Dev#= 4 Spd=12 MxCh= 0
- D: Ver= 1.00 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1
- P: Vendor=0565 ProdID=0001 Rev= 1.08
- S: Manufacturer=Peracom Networks, Inc.
- S: Product=Peracom USB to Serial Converter
- C:* #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=a0 MxPwr=100mA
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 3 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=serial
- E: Ad=81(I) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 64 Ivl= 16ms
- E: Ad=01(O) Atr=02(Bulk) MxPS= 16 Ivl= 16ms
- E: Ad=82(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl= 8ms
- Selecting only the "T:" and "I:" lines from this (for example, by using
- "procusb ti"), we have:
- T: Bus=00 Lev=00 Prnt=00 Port=00 Cnt=00 Dev#= 1 Spd=12 MxCh= 2
- T: Bus=00 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 2 Spd=12 MxCh= 4
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=09(hub ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=hub
- T: Bus=00 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 3 Spd=1.5 MxCh= 0
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=02 Driver=mouse
- T: Bus=00 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=02 Cnt=02 Dev#= 4 Spd=12 MxCh= 0
- I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 3 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 Driver=serial
- Physically this looks like (or could be converted to):
- +------------------+
- | PC/root_hub (12)| Dev# = 1
- +------------------+ (nn) is Mbps.
- Level 0 | CN.0 | CN.1 | [CN = connector/port #]
- +------------------+
- /
- /
- +-----------------------+
- Level 1 | Dev#2: 4-port hub (12)|
- +-----------------------+
- |CN.0 |CN.1 |CN.2 |CN.3 |
- +-----------------------+
- ____________________
- _____
- +--------------------+ +--------------------+
- Level 2 | Dev# 3: mouse (1.5)| | Dev# 4: serial (12)|
- +--------------------+ +--------------------+
- Or, in a more tree-like structure (ports [Connectors] without
- connections could be omitted):
- PC: Dev# 1, root hub, 2 ports, 12 Mbps
- |_ CN.0: Dev# 2, hub, 4 ports, 12 Mbps
- |_ CN.0: Dev #3, mouse, 1.5 Mbps
- |_ CN.1:
- |_ CN.2: Dev #4, serial, 12 Mbps
- |_ CN.3:
- |_ CN.1:
- ### END ###