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1080(jobs)S
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10 R
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1080(pwd)S
3720 V
10 R
1230(Print)S
1459(the)S
1615(current)S
1934(directory.)S
2382(The)S
(builtin)262 2573 A
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3299(may)S
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1586(the)S
(builtin)262 1746 A
2045(command)S
2478(remembers)S
2963(what)S
3196(the)S
3355(current)S
3677(directory)S
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(each)185 1230 A
1441(time.)S
1696(This)S
1901(makes)S
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4020(renamed,)S
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4080 V
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2084(print)S
2299(the)S
2447(old)S
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3134(directory.)S
4248 V
10 B
1080(read)S
10 R
1301([)S
10 B
1360(-p)S
10 I
1475(prompt)S
10 R
1790(])S
1849([)S
10 B
1908(-e)S
10 R
2012(])S
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2071(variable)S
10 R
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10 R
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4210(is)S
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1906(standard)S
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1355(-)S
10 I
1389(options)S
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1290([)S
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1625(])S
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960 V
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2223(and)S
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9 R
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780(XA)S
848(AM)S
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2427(the)S
10 I
2575(cd)S
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2695(command:)S
2304 V
1480(cd())S
1668({)S
2424 V
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1855(command)S
2276(cd)S
2396("$@")S
2544 V
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2028(test)S
2193(-f)S
2286(.enter)S
2664 V
1768(then.)S
1991(.enter)S
2784 V
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2191(0)S
2904 V
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3024 V
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3144 V
1480(})S
3384 V
1080(This)S
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1648(causes)S
1938(the)S
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2634(to)S
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3714(a)S
3787(directory,)S
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10 I
(command)391 4870 A
3504 V
10 R
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1505(is)S
1601(used)S
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2360(real)S
10 I
2541(cd)S
10 R
2665(command.)S
3140(The)S
(``return)309 3326 A
3664(0'')S
3811(ensures)S
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5020(return)S
3624 V
1080(an)S
1214(exit)S
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1672(of)S
1795(zero)S
2008(if)S
2109(it)S
(successfully)492 2204 A
2735(changes)S
3098(to)S
3215(a)S
3299(directory)S
3702(that)S
3892(does)S
4115(not)S
4283(contain)S
4619(a)S
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5107(256le.)S
3744 V
1080(Rede256ning)S
1552(existing)S
1901(commands)S
2367(is)S
2465(not)S
2624(always)S
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(good)200 3011 A
3242(idea,)S
3466(but)S
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4813(can)S
4983(do)S
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3864 V
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4032 V
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1610(function)S
1970(distributed)S
2425(with)S
10 I
2629(ash)S
10 R
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3035(like)S
4272 V
1480(#)S
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1987((C))S
(1989)200 2147 A
2372(by)S
2497(Kenneth)S
2863(Almquist.)S
3312(All)S
3466(rights)S
3720(reserved.)S
4392 V
1480(#)S
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1913(is)S
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2296(ash,)S
2480(which)S
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1938(by)S
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2743(Public)S
3025(License.)S
4752 V
1480(suspend())S
1896({)S
4872 V
1768(local)S
1989(-)S
4992 V
1768(set)S
1905(+j)S
5112 V
(kill)134 1768 A
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2222(0)S
5232 V
1480(})S
5472 V
1080(This)S
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1080(shell.)S
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1664(job)S
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5712 V
1080(back)S
1299(on)S
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4314(example)S
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10 I
5025(not)S
10 R
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5832 V
1080(do,)S
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2321(of)S
10 I
2430(suspend)S
10 R
2753(:)S
6072 V
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6192 V
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6312 V
1768(set)S
1905(+j)S
6432 V
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2222(0)S
6552 V
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1080(There)S
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7032 V
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4542(variable)S
4899(for)S
5049(some)S
7152 V
1080(other)S
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3693(an)S
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7272 V
1080(256rst)S
10 I
1267(set)S
10 R
1409(command)S
1835(but)S
1992(before)S
2279(it)S
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2740(the)S
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3200(one.)S
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3610(interrupt)S
3986(signal)S
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4829(shell)S
5048(func-)S
7392 V
1080(tion,)S
1292(so)S
1412(that)S
1594(the)S
(second)279 1748 A
10 I
2058(set)S
10 R
2201(command)S
(will)157 2628 A
2816(never)S
3071(be)S
3197(executed)S
3586(and)S
3762(job)S
3921(control)S
(will)157 4237 A
4425(be)S
4551(left)S
4717(off.)S
4916(The)S
5104(256rst)S
7512 V
1080(version)S
1417(of)S
10 I
1542(suspend)S
10 R
1906(avoids)S
2209(this)S
2395(problem)S
2771(by)S
2911(turning)S
3241(job)S
3409(control)S
3734(off)S
3892(only)S
4110(in)S
4228(a)S
4313(local)S
(copy)195 4549 A
4784(of)S
4908(the)S
5071(shell)S
7903 V
720(September)S
1176(17,)S
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2654(()S
2696(March)S
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3292())S
4940(Page)S
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857(()S
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957())S
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5169(1)S
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960 V
1080(options.)S
1461(The)S
1654(local)S
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3737(the)S
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4866(no)S
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1080 V
1080(how)S
1278(it)S
1359(is)S
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1248 V
9 R
720(H)S
722(HI)S
790(IN)S
823(NT)S
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1368 V
10 R
1080(Shell)S
1318(variables)S
1713(can)S
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2010(used)S
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2675(abbreviations)S
3249(for)S
3399(things)S
3676(which)S
(you)150 3954 A
4136(type)S
4341(frequently.)S
4837(For)S
5009(exam-)S
1488 V
1080(ple,)S
1253(I)S
1312(set)S
1608 V
(export)257 1800 A
2082(h=$HOME)S
1728 V
1080(in)S
1183(my)S
1336(.pro256le)S
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1763(that)S
1939(I)S
1998(can)S
2163(type)S
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2861(my)S
3014(home)S
3262(directory)S
3651(simply)S
3949(by)S
4074(typing)S
4355(``$h''.)S
1896 V
1080(When)S
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1671(shell)S
1891(procedures,)S
2388(try)S
2530(not)S
2688(to)S
2796(make)S
3044(assumptions)S
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3823(what)S
4049(is)S
4146(imported)S
4539(from)S
4766(the)S
4920(environ-)S
2016 V
1080(ment.)S
(Explicitly)397 1358 A
1782(unset)S
2021(or)S
(initialize)353 2132 A
2512(all)S
2639(variables,)S
3054(rather)S
3316(than)S
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4423(unset.)S
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4981(use)S
5141(cd,)S
2136 V
1080(it)S
1161(is)S
1253(a)S
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1548(idea)S
1741(to)S
1844(unset)S
2081(CDPATH.)S
2304 V
1080(People)S
1379(sometimes)S
1834(use)S
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2323(or)S
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2762(to)S
2865(provide)S
3197(no)S
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3553(to)S
3656(a)S
3726(command)S
4147(or)S
4256(to)S
4359(discard)S
4675(the)S
4824(output)S
5106(of)S
5216(a)S
2424 V
1080(command.)S
1551(A)S
1649(better)S
1904(way)S
2097(to)S
2200(do)S
2325(this)S
2495(is)S
2587(to)S
2690(redirect)S
3024(the)S
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3403(or)S
3512(output)S
3793(of)S
3902(the)S
4050(command)S
4471(to)S
10 B
4574(/dev/null)S
10 R
4949(.)S
2592 V
1080(Word)S
(splitting)329 1334 A
1688(and)S
1858(256le)S
2012(name)S
2255(generation)S
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2854(performed)S
3299(by)S
3424(default,)S
3755(and)S
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4102(have)S
4318(to)S
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4828(use)S
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2712 V
(quotes)262 1080 A
1371(to)S
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1853(it.)S
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2194(is)S
2289(backwards,)S
2773(but)S
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3275(learn)S
3505(to)S
3611(live)S
3790(with)S
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4131(Just)S
4315(get)S
4466(in)S
4572(the)S
4723(habit)S
4952(of)S
5064(writ-)S
2832 V
1080(ing)S
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2174(variable)S
2537(and)S
2720(command)S
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3724(and)S
3907(omit)S
4129(them)S
4368(only)S
4585(when)S
(you)150 4842 A
5031(really)S
2952 V
1080(want)S
1306(word)S
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1902(and)S
2077(256le)S
2236(name)S
2484(generation.)S
2989(If)S
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3267(want)S
3493(word)S
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4089(but)S
4247(not)S
4405(256le)S
4564(name)S
4811(generation,)S
3072 V
1080(use)S
1239(the)S
10 B
1387(-f)S
10 R
1480(option.)S
3240 V
9 R
720(A)S
722(AU)S
790(UT)S
858(TH)S
916(HO)S
984(OR)S
1052(RS)S
1114(S)S
3360 V
10 R
1080(Kenneth)S
1446(Almquist)S
3528 V
9 R
720(S)S
722(SE)S
774(EE)S
832(E)S
913(A)S
915(AL)S
983(LS)S
1041(SO)S
1093(O)S
3648 V
10 R
1080(echo(1),)S
1438(expr(1),)S
1785(line(1),)S
2104(pwd(1),)S
2445(true(1).)S
3816 V
9 R
720(B)S
722(BU)S
784(UG)S
852(GS)S
920(S)S
3936 V
10 R
1080(When)S
1354(command)S
(substitution)468 1784 A
2286(occurs)S
2583(inside)S
2857(a)S
2936(here)S
3144(document,)S
3599(the)S
3756(commands)S
4225(inside)S
4499(the)S
4656(here)S
4865(document)S
4056 V
1080(are)S
1230(run)S
1390(with)S
1595(their)S
1806(standard)S
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2405(closed.)S
2738(For)S
2904(example,)S
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4772(the)S
4920(standard)S
4176 V
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1311(of)S
1420(the)S
10 I
1568(line)S
10 R
1744(command)S
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2347(be)S
2467(closed)S
2749(when)S
2992(the)S
3140(command)S
3561(is)S
3653(run:)S
4416 V
1480(cat)S
1623(<<-!)S
4536 V
1480(Line)S
1690(1:)S
1793($(line))S
4656 V
1480(Line)S
1690(2:)S
1793($(line))S
4776 V
1480(!)S
5064 V
(Unsetting)391 1080 A
1496(a)S
1566(function)S
1926(which)S
2197(is)S
2289(currently)S
2678(being)S
2926(executed)S
3309(may)S
3507(cause)S
3756(strange)S
4072(behavior.)S
5232 V
1080(The)S
1264(shell)S
1481(syntax)S
1770(allows)S
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2747(>/dev/log)S
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1426(arg)S
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1413(happy)S
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2080(#)S
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1482(256le)S
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2942(256le.c)S
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2783(.c)S
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1080(Basename)S
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1080(Dirname)S
10 R
1463(removes)S
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1607(256le)S
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1855(])S
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1080(This)S
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2281(reads)S
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1872(contains)S
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1302(standard.)S
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947(PT)S
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1440(De256ne)S
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1882(standard)S
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1440(Process)S
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2554(bc)S
10 R
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870(N)S
872(NU)S
947(UM)S
1022(MB)S
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2176(bc)S
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2305(is)S
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2551(number.)S
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2441(fractional)S
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1219(computation)S
1759(is)S
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1424(point.)S
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2479(7)S
2554(and)S
2724(a)S
2794(scale)S
3021(of)S
3130(3.)S
4992 V
870(V)S
872(VA)S
947(AR)S
1022(RI)S
1091(IA)S
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4296(extension.)S
4732(In)S
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5160(bc)S
5472 V
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1080(all)S
1211(names)S
1498(are)S
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1727(single)S
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4249(context)S
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4923(all)S
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5592 V
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1430(names)S
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1894(be)S
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2522(brackets)S
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1502(four)S
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3473(is)S
3574(0.)S
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3683(ibase)S
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3934(and)S
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4112(obase)S
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4385(de256ne)S
4664(the)S
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1293(for)S
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4845((an)S
5009(exten-)S
6120 V
1080(sion))S
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1617(appropriate.)S
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4521(as)S
4639(well)S
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4965(used)S
5183(in)S
6360 V
1080(expressions.)S
6528 V
870(C)S
872(CO)S
941(OM)S
1016(MM)S
1107(ME)S
1198(EN)S
1262(NT)S
1337(TS)S
1401(S)S
6648 V
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1545(in)S
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1653(bc)S
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1784(start)S
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2898(and)S
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1202(SS)S
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4895(program.)S
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1080(Instead,)S
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2147(as)S
2265(it)S
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720(Page)S
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2696(Eighth)S
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5024(bc)S
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5169(1)S
5227())S
960 V
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1471(ibase)S
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3902(changes)S
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2601(-1.)S
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10 B
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1440(name)S
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1080(and)S
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1658([)S
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1692(expr)S
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1871(])S
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1080(-)S
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1080(++)S
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1080(--)S
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1080(expr)S
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3515(two)S
3691(expressions.)S
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1080(expr)S
1284(*)S
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1080(for)S
10 R
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4752 V
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4872 V
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1080(break)S
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5568 V
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1786(iteration.)S
5736 V
10 B
1080(halt)S
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1440(The)S
1624(halt)S
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2215((an)S
2371(extension))S
2817(is)S
2912(an)S
3035(executed)S
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10 B
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4585(processor)S
4999(to)S
5105(quit)S
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4880(terminate)S
5976 V
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1784(the)S
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6144 V
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1080(return)S
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2496(function.)S
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3694(functions.))S
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1080(return)S
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3543((See)S
3748(the)S
3896(section)S
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4331(functions.))S
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872(PS)S
930(SE)S
988(EU)S
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1517(TE)S
1581(EM)S
1645(ME)S
1736(EN)S
1800(NT)S
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6720 V
1080(These)S
1352(statements)S
1808(are)S
1963(not)S
2122(statements)S
2579(in)S
2689(the)S
(traditional)414 2844 A
3290(sense.)S
3590(They)S
3829(are)S
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4145(executed)S
4535(statements.)S
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6840 V
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1532(performed)S
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2075("compile")S
2506(time.)S
7008 V
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1080(limits)S
10 R
1440(Print)S
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2030(limits)S
2284(enforced)S
2662(by)S
2787(the)S
2935(local)S
3156(version)S
3477(of)S
10 B
3586(bc)S
10 R
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3762(This)S
3966(is)S
4058(an)S
4178(extension.)S
7176 V
10 B
1080(quit)S
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1440(When)S
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2477(is)S
2577(read,)S
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10 B
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10 R
3099(processor)S
3518(is)S
3618(terminated,)S
4107(regardless)S
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5105(quit)S
7296 V
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(found.)259 1943 A
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2417(example,)S
2808("if)S
2936((0)S
3045(==)S
3184(1))S
3293(quit")S
(will)157 3515 A
3697(cause)S
10 B
3946(bc)S
10 R
4072(to)S
4175(terminate.)S
7903 V
720(Page)S
941(5)S
2936(()S
2978(.)S
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4455(September)S
4911(17,)S
(1996)200 5061 A
8143 V
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480 V
10 R
720(bc)S
823(()S
865(1)S
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2696(Eighth)S
(Edition)296 2989 A
5024(bc)S
5127(()S
5169(1)S
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960 V
10 B
1080(warranty)S
1080 V
10 R
1440(Print)S
1661(a)S
(longer)257 1731 A
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1248 V
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930(UN)S
1005(NC)S
1080(CT)S
1149(TI)S
1213(IO)S
1249(ON)S
1324(NS)S
1399(S)S
1368 V
1080(Functions)S
1517(provide)S
1865(a)S
(method)301 1951 A
2293(of)S
2418(de256ning)S
2788(a)S
2874(computation)S
3418(that)S
3611(can)S
3793(be)S
3930(executed)S
4330(later.)S
4602(Functions)S
5040(in)S
10 B
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10 R
1080(always)S
1388(compute)S
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2254(return)S
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2607(to)S
2713(the)S
2864(caller.)S
3167(Function)S
(de256nitions)424 3552 A
4004(are)S
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4610(in)S
4715(the)S
4865(sense)S
5110(that)S
1608 V
1080(a)S
1156(function)S
1522(is)S
(unde256ned)396 1620 A
(until)184 2047 A
2262(a)S
(de256nition)385 2338 A
2754(is)S
(encountered)492 2852 A
3375(in)S
3484(the)S
(input.)231 3638 A
3925(That)S
(de256nition)385 4141 A
4557(is)S
4656(then)S
4861(used)S
(until)184 5077 A
1728 V
1080(another)S
(de256nition)385 1422 A
1846(function)S
2220(for)S
2377(the)S
2539(same)S
2785(name)S
3042(is)S
(encountered.)517 3148 A
3729(The)S
3925(new)S
(de256nition)385 4132 A
4556(then)S
(replaces)331 4768 A
5138(the)S
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1080(older)S
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2322(de256ned)S
2643(as)S
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1723(name)S
10 B
1966(()S
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2025(parameters)S
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2508())S
2567({)S
10 I
2632(newline)S
2088 V
1540(auto_list)S
1966(statement_list)S
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2550(})S
2208 V
10 R
1080(A)S
1178(function)S
1538(call)S
1709(is)S
1801(just)S
1971(an)S
2091(expression)S
2546(of)S
2655(the)S
2803(form)S
3024(")S
10 I
3065(name)S
10 B
3283(()S
10 I
3317(parameters)S
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3775())S
10 R
3809(".)S
2376 V
1080(Parameters)S
1562(are)S
1719(numbers)S
2098(or)S
2216(arrays)S
2497((an)S
2660(extension).)S
3163(In)S
3281(the)S
3438(function)S
(de256nition,)410 3807 A
4251(zero)S
4459(or)S
4577(more)S
4818(parameters)S
2496 V
1080(are)S
1238(de256ned)S
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1702(listing)S
1987(their)S
2205(names)S
2495(separated)S
2909(by)S
3042(commas.)S
3460(Numbers)S
3862(are)S
4019(only)S
4230(call)S
4409(by)S
4542(value)S
4793(parameters.)S
2616 V
1080(Arrays)S
1400(are)S
1569(only)S
1792(call)S
1983(by)S
2128(variable.)S
2548(Arrays)S
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3039(speci256ed)S
3443(in)S
3567(the)S
3736(parameter)S
(de256nition)385 4186 A
4617(by)S
4763(the)S
4932(notation)S
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1121(name)S
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1689(the)S
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2229(call,)S
2441(actual)S
2723(parameters)S
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3372(full)S
3553(expressions)S
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4222(number)S
4570(parameters.)S
5104(The)S
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3547(parameters.)S
4065(The)S
4247(named)S
4540(array)S
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4867(passed)S
5161(by)S
2976 V
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1571(the)S
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2165(Since)S
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(de256nitions)424 2810 A
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3858(parameter)S
4305(numbers)S
4694(and)S
4882(types)S
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3096 V
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1690(a)S
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3178(in)S
3287(number)S
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4098(parameters)S
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1654(runtime)S
1992(error)S
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2832(for)S
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3123(call)S
3294(to)S
3397(an)S
(unde256ned)396 3517 A
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2556(variables)S
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3149(are)S
3312(for)S
3469("local")S
3786(use.)S
4009(The)S
4205(syntax)S
4506(of)S
4629(the)S
4791(auto)S
5003(list)S
5165((if)S
3504 V
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10 R
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4078(the)S
4229(name)S
4475(of)S
4587(an)S
4710(auto)S
4911(variable.)S
3624 V
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1385(may)S
1588(be)S
1713(speci256ed)S
2101(by)S
2231(using)S
2478(the)S
2631(same)S
2868(notation)S
3227(as)S
3341(used)S
3555(in)S
3664(parameters.)S
4188(These)S
4460(variables)S
4855(have)S
5076(their)S
3744 V
1080(values)S
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1691(onto)S
1904(a)S
1984(stack)S
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2334(the)S
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2701(of)S
2820(the)S
2978(function.)S
3398(The)S
3590(variables)S
3989(are)S
4148(then)S
(initialized)403 4356 A
4794(to)S
4907(zero)S
5116(and)S
3864 V
1080(used)S
(throughout)440 1294 A
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2605(function.)S
3020(At)S
3151(function)S
3516(exit,)S
3722(these)S
3960(variables)S
4355(are)S
(popped)295 4510 A
4836(so)S
4956(that)S
5138(the)S
3984 V
1080(original)S
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3103(of)S
3227(these)S
3474(variables)S
3878(are)S
4042(restored.)S
4457(The)S
4654(parameters)S
5137(are)S
4104 V
1080(really)S
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1537(variables)S
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(initialized)403 2257 A
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3755(function)S
4118(call.)S
4342(Auto)S
4571(variables)S
4963(are)S
5115(dif-)S
4224 V
1080(ferent)S
1344(than)S
(traditional)414 1545 A
1987(local)S
2211(variables)S
2603(in)S
2709(the)S
2860(fact)S
3040(that)S
3219(if)S
3309(function)S
3672(A)S
3773(calls)S
3986(function)S
4349(B,)S
4469(B)S
4563(may)S
(access)258 4763 A
5048(func-)S
4344 V
1080(tion)S
1266(A's)S
1442(auto)S
1645(variables)S
2039(by)S
2169(just)S
2344(using)S
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2744(same)S
2981(name,)S
3254(unless)S
3535(function)S
3901(B)S
3999(has)S
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4436(them)S
4668(auto)S
4872(variables.)S
4464 V
1080(Due)S
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1386(the)S
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1721(that)S
1901(auto)S
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2670(parameters)S
3142(are)S
3295(pushed)S
3608(onto)S
3815(a)S
3889(stack,)S
10 B
4150(bc)S
10 R
(supports)340 4280 A
4649(recursive)S
5048(func-)S
4584 V
1080(tions.)S
4752 V
1080(The)S
1271(function)S
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2054(list)S
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2467(statements.)S
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3283(statements)S
3743(are)S
3902(separated)S
4318(by)S
4453(semicolons)S
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1080(lines.)S
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3920(return)S
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4686(There)S
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3923(value)S
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4353(the)S
(calling)274 4504 A
4806(expression.)S
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1080(The)S
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2244(expression)S
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3650(of)S
3764(the)S
3917(expression)S
4377(and)S
4552(returns)S
4862(that)S
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5232 V
1080(to)S
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2633(implied)S
2969(")S
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3010(return)S
3320((0))S
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3438(")S
3508(at)S
3610(the)S
3762(end)S
3936(of)S
4049(every)S
4302(function.)S
4716(This)S
4924(allows)S
5216(a)S
5352 V
1080(function)S
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1543(terminate)S
1949(and)S
2119(return)S
2385(0)S
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2792(an)S
2912(explicit)S
3239(return)S
3505(statement.)S
5520 V
1080(Functions)S
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1698(change)S
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2692(variable)S
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3047(ibase)S
10 R
3265(.)S
3345(All)S
3504(constants)S
3908(in)S
4017(the)S
4171(function)S
(body)200 4537 A
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4956(be)S
5082(con-)S
5640 V
1080(verted)S
1358(using)S
1601(the)S
1750(value)S
1994(of)S
10 B
2104(ibase)S
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2596(time)S
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3421(call.)S
3642(Changes)S
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10 B
4122(ibase)S
10 R
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4547(be)S
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4999(during)S
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3260(function)S
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3626(read)S
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3822(,)S
3878(which)S
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4343(always)S
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4820(the)S
4975(current)S
5880 V
1080(value)S
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1432(ibase)S
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2393(numbers.)S
6048 V
870(M)S
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1102(H)S
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1284(IB)S
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1458(AR)S
1533(RY)S
1602(Y)S
6168 V
1080(If)S
10 B
1179(bc)S
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1311(is)S
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1763(with)S
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10 B
2127(-l)S
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2608(math)S
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3238(preloaded)S
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3998(default)S
4310(scale)S
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4787(to)S
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1080(math)S
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2547(results)S
2848(to)S
2964(the)S
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3365(set)S
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3626(the)S
3787(time)S
4004(of)S
4126(their)S
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4558(The)S
4753(math)S
4992(library)S
6408 V
1080(de256nes)S
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1538(following)S
1954(functions:)S
6576 V
1080(s)S
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1178(x)S
10 R
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1440(The)S
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1184(x)S
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2067(of)S
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1080(l)S
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1167(x)S
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2452(x.)S
7248 V
1080(e)S
1150(()S
10 I
1184(x)S
10 R
1229())S
1440(The)S
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2116(function)S
2476(of)S
2585(raising)S
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3057(the)S
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1167(n,x)S
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2980(of)S
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1011(AM)S
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1299(ES)S
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2283(assign)S
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2707(value)S
2950(of)S
3059("pi")S
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1440(pi=$(echo)S
1886("scale=10;)S
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2714(|)S
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10 R
1080(The)S
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1698(is)S
1800(the)S
(de256nition)385 1958 A
2378(of)S
2497(the)S
(exponential)469 2655 A
3159(function)S
3529(used)S
3748(in)S
3861(the)S
4019(math)S
4255(library.)S
4609(This)S
4823(function)S
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1896 V
(written)286 1080 A
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1494(POSIX)S
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1912(.)S
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1440(scale)S
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1440(/*)S
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2112(that)S
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2889(the)S
3049(series:)S
2616 V
1565(e303x)S
1719(=)S
1801(1)S
1876(+)S
1958(x)S
2033(+)S
2115(x3032/2!)S
2386(+)S
2468(x3033/3!)S
2739(+)S
(...)75 2821 A
2736 V
1440(*/)S
2976 V
1440(de256ne)S
1723(e(x))S
1911({)S
3096 V
1490(auto)S
1730(a,)S
1830(d,)S
1936(e,)S
2031(f,)S
2115(i,)S
2193(m,)S
2327(v,)S
2427(z)S
3336 V
1490(/*)S
1593(Check)S
1893(the)S
2053(sign)S
2251(of)S
2360(x.)S
2460(*/)S
3456 V
1490(if)S
1577((x<0))S
1827({)S
3576 V
1540(m)S
1649(=)S
1731(1)S
3696 V
1540(x)S
1615(=)S
1697(-x)S
3816 V
1490(})S
4056 V
1490(/*)S
(Precondition)555 1593 A
2173(x.)S
2273(*/)S
4176 V
1490(z)S
1560(=)S
1642(scale;)S
4296 V
1490(scale)S
1722(=)S
1804(4)S
1879(+)S
1961(z)S
2031(+)S
(.44*x;)259 2113 A
4416 V
1490(while)S
1745((x)S
1854(>)S
1936(1))S
2045({)S
4536 V
1540(f)S
1599(+=)S
1738(1;)S
4656 V
1540(x)S
1615(/=)S
1725(2;)S
4776 V
1490(})S
5016 V
1490(/*)S
1593(Initialize)S
1999(the)S
2159(variables.)S
2600(*/)S
5136 V
1490(v)S
1565(=)S
1647(1+x)S
5256 V
1490(a)S
1565(=)S
1647(x)S
5376 V
1490(d)S
1571(=)S
1653(1)S
5616 V
1490(for)S
1644((i=2;)S
1872(1;)S
1981(i++))S
2182({)S
5736 V
1540(e)S
1610(=)S
1692((a)S
1801(*=)S
1933(x))S
2042(/)S
2095((d)S
2210(*=)S
2342(i))S
5856 V
1540(if)S
1627((e)S
1731(==)S
1870(0))S
1979({)S
5976 V
1590(if)S
1677((f>0))S
1911(while)S
((f--))170 2166 A
2386(v)S
2461(=)S
(v*v;)184 2543 A
6096 V
1590(scale)S
1822(=)S
1904(z)S
6216 V
1590(if)S
1677((m))S
1854(return)S
2160((1/v);)S
6336 V
1590(return)S
1896((v/1);)S
6456 V
1540(})S
6576 V
1540(v)S
1615(+=)S
1754(e)S
6696 V
1490(})S
6816 V
1440(})S
7104 V
10 R
1080(The)S
1262(following)S
1678(is)S
1770(code)S
1985(that)S
2161(uses)S
2359(the)S
2507(extended)S
2895(features)S
3240(of)S
10 B
3350(bc)S
10 R
3477(to)S
3581(implement)S
4037(a)S
4108(simple)S
4402(program)S
4769(for)S
4913(calculat-)S
7224 V
1080(ing)S
(checkbook)435 1239 A
1705(balances.)S
2133(This)S
2343(program)S
2715(is)S
2813(best)S
3006(kept)S
3210(in)S
3319(a)S
3395(256le)S
3555(so)S
3675(that)S
3857(it)S
3944(can)S
4114(be)S
4239(used)S
4453(many)S
4706(times)S
(without)307 4954 A
7344 V
1080(having)S
1378(to)S
1481(retype)S
1758(it)S
1839(at)S
1937(every)S
2186(use.)S
7903 V
720(Page)S
941(7)S
2936(()S
2978(.)S
3011())S
4455(September)S
4911(17,)S
(1996)200 5061 A
8143 V
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/slant 0 def
/height 0 def
480 V
10 R
720(bc)S
823(()S
865(1)S
923())S
2696(Eighth)S
(Edition)296 2989 A
5024(bc)S
5127(()S
5169(1)S
5227())S
960 V
10 B
1440(scale=2)S
1080 V
1440(print)S
1684("\nCheck)S
2124(book)S
2361(program!\n")S
1200 V
1440(print)S
1684(")S
1790(Remember,)S
2317(deposits)S
2689(are)S
2854(negative)S
3237(transactions.\n")S
1320 V
1440(print)S
1684(")S
1790(Exit)S
1994(by)S
2125(a)S
2200(0)S
2275(transaction.\n\n")S
1560 V
1440(print)S
1684("Initial)S
2028(balance?)S
2433(";)S
2548(bal)S
2707(=)S
2789(read())S
1680 V
1440(bal)S
1599(/=)S
1709(1)S
1800 V
1440(print)S
1684("\n")S
1920 V
1440(while)S
1695((1))S
1838({)S
2040 V
("current)382 1490 A
1897(balance)S
2252(=)S
2334(";)S
2449(bal)S
2160 V
1490("transaction?)S
2108(";)S
2223(trans)S
2472(=)S
2554(read())S
2280 V
1490(if)S
1577((trans)S
1860(==)S
1999(0))S
2108(break;)S
2400 V
1490(bal)S
1649(-=)S
1765(trans)S
2520 V
1490(bal)S
1649(/=)S
1759(1)S
2640 V
1440(})S
2760 V
1440(quit)S
3048 V
10 R
1080(The)S
1262(following)S
1678(is)S
1770(the)S
(de256nition)385 1918 A
2328(of)S
2437(the)S
2585(recursive)S
2980(factorial)S
3342(function.)S
3288 V
10 B
1440(de256ne)S
1723(f)S
1782((x))S
1925({)S
3408 V
1490(if)S
1577((x)S
1686(<=)S
1825(1))S
1934(return)S
2240((1);)S
3528 V
1490(return)S
((f(x-1))270 1796 A
2091(*)S
2166(x);)S
3648 V
1440(})S
3936 V
10 R
870(D)S
872(DI)S
947(IF)S
983(FF)S
1041(FE)S
1099(ER)S
1163(RE)S
1232(EN)S
1296(NC)S
1371(CE)S
1440(ES)S
1504(S)S
4056 V
1080(This)S
1293(version)S
1623(of)S
10 B
1741(bc)S
10 R
1876(was)S
2067(implemented)S
2626(from)S
2856(the)S
3013(POSIX)S
(P1003.2/D11)532 3339 A
3905(draft)S
4131(and)S
4311(contains)S
4681(several)S
5002(differ-)S
4176 V
1080(ences)S
1333(and)S
1507(extensions)S
1960(relative)S
2292(to)S
2399(the)S
2551(draft)S
2771(and)S
(traditional)414 2945 A
3388(implementations.)S
4137(It)S
4228(is)S
4323(not)S
4479(implemented)S
5032(in)S
5138(the)S
4296 V
(traditional)414 1080 A
1522(way)S
1718(using)S
10 I
1963(dc(1).)S
10 R
2229(This)S
2436(version)S
2761(is)S
2857(a)S
2931(single)S
3200(process)S
3531(which)S
3806(parses)S
4087(and)S
4261(runs)S
4463(a)S
4537(byte)S
4739(code)S
4958(transla-)S
4416 V
1080(tion)S
1263(of)S
1374(the)S
1524(program.)S
1941(There)S
2203(is)S
2296(an)S
("undocumented")673 2417 A
3116(option)S
3398((-c))S
3571(that)S
3748(causes)S
4037(the)S
4186(program)S
4553(to)S
4657(output)S
4939(the)S
5088(byte)S
4536 V
1080(code)S
1309(to)S
1426(the)S
1588(standard)S
1968(output)S
2263(instead)S
2587(of)S
(running)312 2710 A
3061(it.)S
3206(It)S
3307(was)S
3503(mainly)S
3821(used)S
4045(for)S
(debugging)423 4203 A
4666(the)S
4829(parser)S
5116(and)S
4656 V
1080(preparing)S
1491(the)S
1639(math)S
1865(library.)S
4824 V
1080(A)S
1182(major)S
1446(source)S
1738(of)S
1851(differences)S
2329(is)S
2425(extensions,)S
2903(where)S
3179(a)S
3253(feature)S
3563(is)S
3659(extended)S
4052(to)S
4160(add)S
4335(more)S
(functionality)514 4572 A
5116(and)S
4944 V
(additions,)393 1080 A
1498(where)S
1770(new)S
1963(features)S
2308(are)S
2457(added.)S
2747(The)S
2929(following)S
3345(is)S
3437(the)S
3585(list)S
3733(of)S
3842(differences)S
4316(and)S
4486(extensions.)S
5112 V
(LANG)281 1080 A
1630(This)S
1848(version)S
2183(does)S
2406(not)S
2573(conform)S
2953(to)S
3070(the)S
3232(POSIX)S
3563(standard)S
3943(in)S
4060(the)S
4223(processing)S
4693(of)S
4817(the)S
(LANG)281 4980 A
5232 V
1630(environment)S
2163(variable)S
2513(and)S
2683(all)S
2809(environment)S
3342(variables)S
3731(starting)S
4058(with)S
4262(LC_.)S
5400 V
1080(names)S
(Traditional)448 1630 A
2115(and)S
2297(POSIX)S
10 B
2626(bc)S
10 R
2764(have)S
2992(single)S
3270(letter)S
3516(names)S
3811(for)S
3967(functions,)S
4404(variables)S
4806(and)S
4989(arrays.)S
5520 V
1630(They)S
1863(have)S
2079(been)S
2295(extended)S
2684(to)S
2788(be)S
(multi-character)617 2908 A
3550(names)S
3832(that)S
4008(start)S
4207(with)S
4411(a)S
4481(letter)S
4714(and)S
4884(may)S
5082(con-)S
5640 V
1630(tain)S
1806(letters,)S
2103(numbers)S
2474(and)S
2644(the)S
(underscore)442 2792 A
3259(character.)S
5808 V
1080(Strings)S
1630(Strings)S
1950(are)S
2110(not)S
2274(allowed)S
2629(to)S
2743(contain)S
3075(NUL)S
3319(characters.)S
3815(POSIX)S
4143(says)S
4352(all)S
4489(characters)S
4935(must)S
5166(be)S
5928 V
1630(included)S
2001(in)S
2104(strings.)S
6096 V
1080(last)S
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1953(bc)S
10 R
2085(does)S
2300(not)S
2459(have)S
2680(a)S
10 B
2756(last)S
10 R
2939(variable.)S
3346(Some)S
3607(implementations)S
4309(of)S
10 B
4425(bc)S
10 R
4558(use)S
4724(the)S
4879(period)S
5168((.))S
6216 V
1630(in)S
1733(a)S
1803(similar)S
2108(way.)S
6384 V
1080(comparisons)S
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1967(bc)S
10 R
2113(allows)S
2421(comparisons)S
2974(only)S
3197(in)S
3320(the)S
3488(if)S
3595(statement,)S
4051(the)S
4220(while)S
4490(statement,)S
4947(and)S
5138(the)S
6504 V
(second)279 1630 A
1940(expression)S
2401(of)S
2516(the)S
2670(for)S
2819(statement.)S
3286(Also,)S
3532(only)S
3741(one)S
3916(relational)S
4327(operation)S
4737(is)S
4834(allowed)S
5183(in)S
6624 V
(each)185 1630 A
1840(of)S
1949(those)S
2186(statements.)S
6792 V
1080(if)S
1167(statement,)S
1603(else)S
1785(clause)S
6912 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(does)S
2282(not)S
2435(have)S
2650(an)S
2770(else)S
2952(clause.)S
7080 V
1080(for)S
1223(statement)S
7200 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(requires)S
2423(all)S
2549(expressions)S
3043(to)S
3146(be)S
3266(present)S
3582(in)S
3685(the)S
3833(for)S
3976(statement.)S
7368 V
1080(&&,)S
1286(||,)S
1376(!)S
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(does)S
2282(not)S
2435(have)S
2650(the)S
2798(logical)S
3097(operators.)S
7903 V
720(September)S
1176(17,)S
(1996)200 1326 A
2936(()S
2978(.)S
3011())S
4990(Page)S
5211(8)S
8143 V
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/slant 0 def
/height 0 def
480 V
10 R
720(bc)S
823(()S
865(1)S
923())S
2696(Eighth)S
(Edition)296 2989 A
5024(bc)S
5127(()S
5169(1)S
5227())S
960 V
1080(read)S
1279(function)S
1080 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(does)S
2282(not)S
2435(have)S
2650(a)S
2720(read)S
2919(function.)S
1248 V
1080(print)S
1295(statement)S
1368 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(does)S
2282(not)S
2435(have)S
2650(a)S
2720(print)S
2935(statement)S
3346(.)S
1536 V
1080(continue)S
1451(statement)S
1656 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1947(bc)S
10 R
2073(does)S
2282(not)S
2435(have)S
2650(a)S
2720(continue)S
3091(statement.)S
1824 V
1080(array)S
1313(parameters)S
1944 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1955(bc)S
10 R
2090(does)S
2308(not)S
2470(have)S
2694(array)S
2936(parameters.)S
3463(Other)S
3727(implementations)S
4431(of)S
10 B
4549(bc)S
10 R
4684(may)S
4891(have)S
5115(call)S
2064 V
1630(by)S
1755(value)S
1998(array)S
2231(parameters.)S
2232 V
1080(=+,)S
1244(=-,)S
1385(=*,)S
1542(=/,)S
1677(=%,)S
1868(=303)S
2352 V
1630(POSIX)S
10 B
1961(bc)S
10 R
2101(does)S
2324(not)S
2491(require)S
2816(these)S
3062("old)S
3270(style")S
3540(assignment)S
4031(operators)S
4445(to)S
4562(be)S
4696(de256ned.)S
5082(This)S
2472 V
1630(version)S
1962(may)S
2171(allow)S
2431(these)S
2674("old)S
2879(style")S
3146(assignments.)S
3723(Use)S
3916(the)S
4075(limits)S
4340(statement)S
4762(to)S
4876(see)S
5041(if)S
5138(the)S
2592 V
1630(installed)S
2005(version)S
(supports)340 2336 A
2711(them.)S
2997(If)S
3100(it)S
3191(does)S
(support)301 3410 A
3746(the)S
3904("old)S
4108(style")S
4374(assignment)S
4861(operators,)S
2712 V
1630(the)S
1778(statement)S
2189("a)S
2300(=-)S
2416(1")S
(will)157 2532 A
2714(decrement)S
10 B
3159(a)S
10 R
3234(by)S
3359(1)S
3434(instead)S
3744(of)S
(setting)268 3853 A
10 B
4146(a)S
10 R
4221(to)S
4324(the)S
4472(value)S
4715(-1.)S
2880 V
(spaces)263 1080 A
1368(in)S
1471(numbers)S
3000 V
1630(Other)S
1904(implementations)S
2619(of)S
10 B
2748(bc)S
10 R
2894(allow)S
(spaces)263 3163 A
3471(in)S
3594(numbers.)S
4035(For)S
4220(example,)S
4631("x=1)S
4874(3")S
5010(would)S
3120 V
1630(assign)S
1913(the)S
2068(value)S
2318(13)S
2450(to)S
2560(the)S
2715(variable)S
3072(x.)S
3204(The)S
3393(same)S
3632(statement)S
4049(would)S
4331(cause)S
4586(a)S
4662(syntax)S
4955(error)S
5183(in)S
3240 V
1630(this)S
1800(version)S
2121(of)S
10 B
2230(bc)S
10 R
2331(.)S
3408 V
1080(errors)S
1341(and)S
1511(execution)S
3528 V
1630(This)S
1849(implementation)S
2520(varies)S
2801(from)S
3037(other)S
3284(implementations)S
3994(in)S
4112(terms)S
4376(of)S
4500(what)S
4737(code)S
(will)157 4968 A
5166(be)S
3648 V
1630(executed)S
2030(when)S
2289(syntax)S
2592(and)S
2778(other)S
3026(errors)S
3303(are)S
(found)234 3468 A
3743(in)S
3862(the)S
4026(program.)S
4458(If)S
4567(a)S
4653(syntax)S
4956(error)S
5194(is)S
3768 V
(found)234 1630 A
1889(in)S
1992(a)S
2062(function)S
(de256nition,)410 2423 A
2859(error)S
3082(recovery)S
3461(tries)S
3661(to)S
3765(256nd)S
3947(the)S
4096(beginning)S
4523(of)S
4633(a)S
4704(statement)S
5116(and)S
3888 V
1630(continue)S
2006(to)S
2114(parse)S
2357(the)S
2510(function.)S
2925(Once)S
3168(a)S
3243(syntax)S
3535(error)S
3762(is)S
(found)234 3859 A
4123(in)S
4231(the)S
4384(function,)S
4774(the)S
4926(function)S
4008 V
(will)157 1630 A
1825(not)S
1991(be)S
2124(callable)S
2476(and)S
2659(becomes)S
(unde256ned.)421 3049 A
3533(Syntax)S
3851(errors)S
4126(in)S
4243(the)S
4405(interactive)S
4870(execution)S
4128 V
1630(code)S
(will)157 1847 A
2031(invalidate)S
2455(the)S
2605(current)S
2918(execution)S
3336(block.)S
3636(The)S
3820(execution)S
4238(block)S
4488(is)S
4582(terminated)S
5040(by)S
5166(an)S
4248 V
1630(end)S
1800(of)S
1909(line)S
2085(that)S
2261(appears)S
2594(after)S
2805(a)S
2875(complete)S
3269(sequence)S
3663(of)S
3772(statements.)S
4272(For)S
4437(example,)S
4368 V
1630(a)S
1700(=)S
1782(1)S
4488 V
1630(b)S
1705(=)S
1787(2)S
4608 V
1080(has)S
1239(two)S
1415(execution)S
1831(blocks)S
2118(and)S
4728 V
1630({)S
1703(a)S
1773(=)S
1855(1)S
4848 V
1680(b)S
1755(=)S
1837(2)S
1912(})S
4968 V
1080(has)S
1258(one)S
1447(execution)S
1882(block.)S
2199(Any)S
2416(runtime)S
2773(error)S
(will)157 3014 A
3215(terminate)S
3640(the)S
3807(execution)S
4242(of)S
4371(the)S
4539(current)S
4870(execution)S
5088 V
1080(block.)S
1378(A)S
1476(runtime)S
1814(warning)S
(will)157 2169 A
2351(not)S
2504(terminate)S
2910(the)S
3058(current)S
3369(execution)S
3785(block.)S
5256 V
1080(Interrupts)S
1630(During)S
1959(an)S
2098(interactive)S
2568(session,)S
2927(the)S
3094(SIGINT)S
3471(signal)S
3756((usually)S
4125(generated)S
4562(by)S
4707(the)S
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720(B)S
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10 R
1440(The)S
1622(obsolete)S
1982(algorithm)S
2398(is)S
2490(used)S
2699(for)S
2842(backward)S
(compatibility)536 3259 A
2328 V
10 B-1
1080(-)S
10 B
1137(r)S
10 R
1440(Repair)S
1734(a)S
1804(damaged)S
2192(256le)S
2496 V
9 R
720(E)S
722(EX)S
780(XA)S
848(AM)S
916(MP)S
998(PL)S
1050(LE)S
1108(ES)S
1166(S)S
2616 V
10 B
1080(btoa)S
1295(<a.out)S
1592(>a.btoa)S
10 R
2080(#)S
(Convert)324 2155 A
10 I
2504(a.out)S
10 R
2732(to)S
2835(ASCII)S
2784 V
10 B
1080(btoa)S
10 B-1
1295(-)S
10 B
1352(a)S
1427(<a.btoa)S
1774(>a.out)S
10 R
2080(#)S
2155(Reverse)S
2505(the)S
(above)240 2653 A
2952 V
9 R
720(D)S
722(DE)S
790(ES)S
848(SC)S
900(CR)S
962(RI)S
1024(IP)S
1057(PT)S
1109(TI)S
1167(IO)S
1200(ON)S
1268(N)S